Quite reasonably, we don’t tend to consider vaccinations when taking a trip to Europe. However, there is something we may be overlooking. Increasingly in the UK, we’re aware of Lyme disease, which is transmitted through ticks. On the continent, and to a lesser extent in the UK, there is another tick-borne infection that, due to climate change, is increasing in incidence: Tick-Borne Encephalitis (TBE).

What is Tick-Borne Encephalitis?

TBE is transmitted by ticks (and, rarely, unpasteurised milk) found in Europe and much of Russia, China, Japan, and South Korea. It can cause a flu-like illness and may potentially lead to more severe symptoms, such as meningitis or brain inflammation.

Most people won’t experience any symptoms; however, some develop a high fever and flu-like symptoms lasting about a week. A small number of people seem to recover, only to develop more serious symptoms a few days later, including headache, neck stiffness, seizures, and confusion. Severe disease is rare but can result in permanent neurological damage.

Where am I most at risk of TBE?

Rural and forested areas are the highest-risk environments, so it’s essential to know how to avoid tick bites and how to remove ticks if you are bitten.

In Europe, TBE is found in much of Austria and in France (notably in the Alsace region in the northeast and the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region). It is also endemic in areas around Stockholm.

How can I prevent TBE?

The best way to avoid TBE is not to get bitten in the first place. However, there is an effective vaccine, Ticovac, which we recommend if you’re planning outdoor activities (such as walking, hiking, camping, cycling or fishing) in TBE-endemic areas. Visit the CDC website to see the areas at risk for Tick-borne Encephalitis.

It’s important to check your body daily for ticks and remove them correctly if you find any. Here is a useful website for guidance on how to remove a tick.

What is Ticovac? Is there a vaccine for children, and when should I have it?

Tick season runs from spring to early autumn, so we suggest vaccination in the autumn or winter if you’re planning to travel the following year.

Ticovac is the vaccine available in the UK. You’ll need:

• One dose at least one month before travel
• A second dose 1-3 months later for adequate protection (approx. 90% immunity)
• A third dose 5-12 months later, to extend protection for three years

Children aged 1-15 can be vaccinated with Ticovac Junior.

Please do speak to us if you’re unsure. And while doing so, consider whether it’s been 10 years since your last tetanus vaccination, it might be time for a booster.

To book an appointment online, click here or call us on 0207 245 9333.

Reference: Map produced by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, April 2025.